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LISTAGG
函數(shù)用于列轉(zhuǎn)行,LISTAGG
對 ORDER BY
子句中指定的每個組內(nèi)的數(shù)據(jù)進行排序,然后合并度量列的值。作為單個集合的聚合函數(shù),LISTAGG
對所有行進行操作并返回單個輸出行。作為組集聚合,LISTAGG
將對 GROUP BY
子句定義的每個組進行操作并返回輸出行。作為分析函數(shù),LISTAGG
基于 query_partition_clause
中的一個或多個表達式將查詢結(jié)果集分為幾組。
LISTAGG(measure_expr [,'delimiter'])WITHIN GROUP (order_by_clause)
[OVER query_partition_clause]
作為分析函數(shù)使用時,您需要使用窗口函數(shù)的完整語法,它對一組行的集合進行計算并返回多個值。作為聚合函數(shù)使用時,該函數(shù)對一組行的集合進行聚合計算,結(jié)果只能返回一個值,此時不需要加 OVER
關(guān)鍵字。
參數(shù) |
說明 |
---|---|
OVER |
使用 |
measure_expr |
可以是任何表達式。度量列中的空值將被忽略。 |
delimiter |
指定用于分隔度量值的字符串。此子句是可選的,默認為 NULL。 |
如果度量列是 RAW
的,則返回數(shù)據(jù)類型為 RAW
,否則返回值為 VARCHAR2
型。
分析函數(shù)示例
建表 employees,并向里面插入數(shù)據(jù),執(zhí)行以下語句:
CREATE TABLE employees (department_id INT,manager_id INT,last_name varchar(50),hiredate varchar(50),SALARY INT);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(30, 100, 'Raphaely', '2017-07-01', 1700);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(30, 100, 'De Haan', '2018-05-01',11000);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(40, 100, 'Errazuriz', '2017-07-21', 1400);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(50, 100, 'Hartstein', '2019-05-01',14000);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(50, 100, 'Raphaely', '2017-07-22', 1700);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(70, 100, 'Weiss', '2019-07-11',13500);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(90, 100, 'Russell', '2019-10-05', 13000);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(90,100, 'Partners', '2018-12-01',14000);
查詢 2019 年 10 月 10 日之前雇用的雇員,以及該雇員的部門,雇用日期以及該部門中的其他雇員。執(zhí)行以下語句:
SELECT department_id "Dept", hiredate "Date", last_name "Name",LISTAGG(last_name, '; ') WITHIN GROUP
(ORDER BY hiredate, last_name) OVER (PARTITION BY department_id) as "Emp_list"
FROM employees WHERE hiredate < '2019-10-10' ORDER BY "Dept", "Date", "Name";
查詢結(jié)果如下:
+------+------------+-----------+---------------------+
| Dept | Date | Name | Emp_list |
+------+------------+-----------+---------------------+
| 30 | 2017-07-01 | Raphaely | Raphaely; De Haan |
| 30 | 2018-05-01 | De Haan | Raphaely; De Haan |
| 40 | 2017-07-21 | Errazuriz | Errazuriz |
| 50 | 2017-07-22 | Raphaely | Raphaely; Hartstein |
| 50 | 2019-05-01 | Hartstein | Raphaely; Hartstein |
| 70 | 2019-07-11 | Weiss | Weiss |
| 90 | 2018-12-01 | Partners | Partners; Russell |
| 90 | 2019-10-05 | Russell | Partners; Russell |
+------+------------+-----------+---------------------+
聚合函數(shù)示例
建表 employees,并向里面插入數(shù)據(jù),執(zhí)行以下語句:
CREATE TABLE employees (department_id INT,manager_id INT,last_name varchar(50),hiredate varchar(50),SALARY INT);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(30, 100, 'Raphaely', '2017-07-01', 1700);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(30, 100, 'De Haan', '2018-05-01',11000);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(30, 100, 'Errazuriz', '2017-07-01', 1400);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(30, 100, 'Hartstein', '2019-05-01',14000);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(30, 100, 'Raphaely', '2017-07-01', 1700);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(30, 100, 'Weiss', '2019-07-01',13500);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(30, 100, 'Russell', '2019-07-01', 13000);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(30,100, 'Partners', '2018-12-01',14000);
查詢第 30 部門的所有員工,并按雇用日期和姓氏排序。執(zhí)行以下語句:
SELECT LISTAGG(last_name, '; ') WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY hiredate, last_name) as "Emp_list",
MIN(hiredate) as "Earliest" FROM employees WHERE department_id = 30;
查詢結(jié)果如下:
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------+
| Emp_list | Earliest |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------+
| Errazuriz; Raphaely; Raphaely; De Haan; Partners; Hartstein; Russell; Weiss | 2017-07-01 |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------+
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