彈簧教程 - 彈簧汽車(chē)線束

彈簧教程 - 彈簧汽車(chē)線束

過(guò)濾以排除...

Java Bean

下面的代碼定義了兩個(gè)Java bean。

package com.m.o2fo.common;
public class JobTitle 
{
  @Override
  public String toString() {
    return "JobTitle [person=" + person + ", type=" + type + ", action="
        + action + "]";
  }
  public Employee getPerson() {
    return person;
  }
  public void setPerson(Employee person) {
    this.person = person;
  }
  public int getType() {
    return type;
  }
  public void setType(int type) {
    this.type = type;
  }
  public String getAction() {
    return action;
  }
  public void setAction(String action) {
    this.action = action;
  }
  private Employee person;
  private int type;
  private String action;
}

員工豆

package com.m.o2fo.common;
public class Employee{
    private String name;
    private String address;
    private int age;
  public String getName() {
    return name;
  }
  public void setName(String name) {
    this.name = name;
  }
  public String getAddress() {
    return address;
  }
  public void setAddress(String address) {
    this.address = address;
  }
  public int getAge() {
    return age;
  }
  public void setAge(int age) {
    this.age = age;
  }
  @Override
  public String toString() {
    return "Employee [name=" + name + ", address=" + address + ", age="
        + age + "]";
  }
}

啟用@Autowired

要啟用@Autowired，我們必須注冊(cè)“AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor"。我們可以通過(guò)兩種方式做到這一點(diǎn)。

• Add Spring context and <context:annotation-config /> in bean configuration file.
• Include "AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor" in bean configuration file.

這里是添加Spring上下文和< context:annotation-config />的代碼。

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd">

  <context:annotation-config />

  <bean id="myJobTitle" class="com.m.o2fo.common.JobTitle">
    <property name="action" value="buy" />
    <property name="type" value="1" />
  </bean>

  <bean id="myEmp" class="com.m.o2fo.common.Employee">
    <property name="name" value="java2s" />
    <property name="address" value="address ABC" />
    <property name="age" value="29" />
  </bean>

</beans>

以下代碼顯示如何包含“AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor"在bean配置文件中。

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">

    <bean 
    class="org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor"/>

  <bean id="myJobTitle" class="com.m.o2fo.common.JobTitle">
    <property name="action" value="buy" />
    <property name="type" value="1" />
  </bean>

  <bean id="myEmp" class="com.m.o2fo.common.Employee">
    <property name="name" value="java2s" />
    <property name="address" value="address ABC" />
    <property name="age" value="29" />
  </bean>

</beans>

這里是要運(yùn)行的代碼。

package com.m.o2fo.common;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class App 
{
    public static void main( String[] args )
    {
      ApplicationContext context = 
        new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] {"SpringBeans.xml"});
      JobTitle cust = (JobTitle)context.getBean("myJobTitle");
      System.out.println(cust);
    }
}

@Autowired示例

以下代碼顯示如何通過(guò)@Autowired在setter方法中自動(dòng)布線bean

package com.m.o2fo.common;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

public class JobTitle 
{
  @Override
  public String toString() {
    return "JobTitle [person=" + person + ", type=" + type + ", action="
        + action + "]";
  }
  public Employee getPerson() {
    return person;
  }
  @Autowired
  public void setPerson(Employee person) {
    this.person = person;
  }
  public int getType() {
    return type;
  }
  public void setType(int type) {
    this.type = type;
  }
  public String getAction() {
    return action;
  }
  public void setAction(String action) {
    this.action = action;
  }
  private Employee person;
  private int type;
  private String action;
}

以下代碼顯示了如何通過(guò)@Autowired在構(gòu)造函數(shù)上自動(dòng)布線bean。

package com.m.o2fo.common;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

public class JobTitle 
{
  @Autowired
  public JobTitle(Employee person) {
    this.person = person;
  }
  @Override
  public String toString() {
    return "JobTitle [person=" + person + ", type=" + type + ", action="
        + action + "]";
  }
  public Employee getPerson() {
    return person;
  }

  public void setPerson(Employee person) {
    this.person = person;
  }
  public int getType() {
    return type;
  }
  public void setType(int type) {
    this.type = type;
  }
  public String getAction() {
    return action;
  }
  public void setAction(String action) {
    this.action = action;
  }
  private Employee person;
  private int type;
  private String action;
}

以下代碼顯示了如何通過(guò)@Autowired在字段上自動(dòng)布線bean。

package com.m.o2fo.common;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

public class JobTitle 
{
  @Autowired
  private Employee person;
  private int type;
  private String action;
}

所有上述三種方法都將自動(dòng)連接的Employee Java bean轉(zhuǎn)換為JobTitle的person屬性。

例子

這里是運(yùn)行上面代碼的代碼。

package com.m.o2fo.common;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class App 
{
    public static void main( String[] args )
    {
      ApplicationContext context = 
        new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] {"SpringBeans.xml"});

      JobTitle cust = (JobTitle)context.getBean("myJobTitle");
      System.out.println(cust);

    }
}

輸出:

依賴性檢查

默認(rèn)情況下，@Autowired注釋執(zhí)行依賴性檢查以確保自動(dòng)連接的豆存在。

如果Spring不能找到匹配的bean，它將拋出異常。要禁用@Autowired依賴性檢查，請(qǐng)將@Autowired的“required"屬性設(shè)置為false。

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

public class JobTitle 
{
  @Autowired(required=false)
  private Employee person;

}

使用@Qualifier選擇bean

@Qualifier注釋允許我們選擇Java bean在字段上執(zhí)行自動(dòng)連接。

我們需要@Qualifier注釋?zhuān)?dāng)我們有兩個(gè)合格的bean來(lái)自動(dòng)導(dǎo)線。

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd">

  <context:annotation-config />

  <bean id="myJobTitle" class="com.m.o2fo.common.JobTitle">
    <property name="action" value="buy" />
    <property name="type" value="1" />
  </bean>

  <bean id="myEmp1" class="com.m.o2fo.common.Employee">
    <property name="name" value="java2s1" />
    <property name="address" value="address 1" />
    <property name="age" value="28" />
  </bean>

  <bean id="myEmp2" class="com.m.o2fo.common.Employee">
    <property name="name" value="java2s2" />
    <property name="address" value="address 2" />
    <property name="age" value="28" />
  </bean>

</beans>

在上面的xml代碼配置文件中，我們有兩個(gè)com.m.o2fo.common.Employee實(shí)例。 如果我們不指定哪個(gè)自動(dòng)連接到JobTitle，他們都符合自動(dòng)連線操作。

要選擇要使用的Java bean，我們可以使用@Qualifier注釋。

package com.m.o2fo.common;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;

public class JobTitle 
{
  @Autowired
  @Qualifier("myEmp1")
  private Employee person;
}